Taw qhia
Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thiab kev saib xyuas, kev ntsuas kev ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm nruab nrab -voltage cables yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Txawm hais tias lub hwj chim- zaus AC tiv thaiv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tuaj yeem sim ua qhov kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag, nws qhov kev txwv tseem ceeb yog cov khoom siv loj heev uas yuav tsum tau muaj. Piv txwv li, 10 km ntev, 35 kV XLPE cable nrog lub peev xwm ntawm kwv yees li 1 µF, thaum kuaj ntawm 50 Hz, rub lub them tam sim no ntawm ob peb amperes lossis txawm kaum tawm amperes. Qhov no xav tau ib qho loj - lub peev xwm ntsuas transformer thiab voltage regulator, ua rau cov khoom hnyav heev thiab loj, thiab ua rau muaj teeb meem loj nyob rau hauv - chaw thauj thiab kev sib txuas.
DC tiv taus qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob yog qhov hnyav, qis - tus nqi, thiab yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj kab hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li kev nkag siab ntawm cov txheej txheem kev laus hauv polymer-cov kab hluav taws xob tau nkag mus tob zuj zus, cov kev txwv ntawm DC kev sim tau pom tseeb: DC high voltage induces qhov chaw nqi tsub zuj zuj hauv XLPE thiab EPR rwb thaiv tsev, txhawb kev tawm ib nrab thiab hluav taws xob tsob ntoo loj hlob, accelerates rwb thaiv tsev laus, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm "dhau qhov kev sim" tab sis ua tsis tiav.
Nws yog qhov tseeb tawm tsam qhov kev ua haujlwm hauv qab no uasMOEORW-WHVA45 tau tsim. Raws li tus qauv tsim qauv ntawm "hloov zaus rau kev muaj peev xwm thiab kev sib koom ua haujlwm rau kev kuaj mob", nws muab cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas teb uas sib npaug sib npaug, kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev txav mus los.
Ceev Reference – Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
| Lub sij hawm | Kev piav qhia luv luv |
| Tsawg zaus (VLF) | Ntau zaus qis dua lub zog zaus (50 Hz), feem ntau 0.1 Hz, 0.05 Hz, lossis 0.01 Hz. Cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem ua haujlwm qis rau 0.01 Hz. |
| Dielectric poob Factor (tanδ) | Ib tug zauv qhia txog lub zog dissipation nyob rau hauv cable rwb thaiv tsev. Kev tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv muaj tanδ tsawg heev (ib ncig 10⁻⁴); tus nqi nce nrog kev laus. |
| Tsob Ntoo Dej | Ib qho tshwm sim kev laus hauv XLPE cable rwb thaiv tsev, tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov dej noo thiab hluav taws xob, tsim ntoo -zoo li micro- tawg uas yuav ua rau tawg. |
| Capacitive Voltage Rise (Ferranti nyhuv) | Ib qho kev cuam tshuam qhov twg qhov hluav taws xob siv rau cov khoom ntsuas yuav siab dua qhov tso zis hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv cov khoom loj loj. Kaw-loop tswj tshem tawm cov nyhuv no. |
| Kaw-loop Cov lus teb tsis zoo | Lub kaw lus tsis tu ncua saib xyuas siab -sab voltage thiab tam sim no, hloov kho qhov tso zis kom ntseeg tau tias qhov teeb tsa muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau qhov tseeb, tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm kev hloov pauv. |
| 0.5 U₀ / 1.0 U₀ / 1.5 U₀ | U₀ yog qhov ntsuas theem voltage ntawm cable. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua nyob rau ntawm peb theem voltage, thiab sib piv cov txiaj ntsig thoob plaws cov qib no qhia txog kev laus. |
I. Core Design Philosophy
1.1 "Kev Sib Pauv Zaus rau Kev Muaj Peev Xwm" - Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo hauv Miniaturization
Kev tsim qauv ntawm MOEORW-WHVA45 pib los ntawm kev nkag siab tob txog kev coj tus cwj pwm hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qhov sib faib capacitance ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib thiab cov ntaub thaiv npog hlau ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ua rau lub zog them tam sim no uas yog proportional rau qhov ntsuas zaus.Thaum qhov zaus raug txo los ntawm 50 Hz mus rau 0.1 Hz, qhov them tam sim no poob los ntawm kwv yees li 500 zaug, thiab qhov yuav tsum tau muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob raug txo los ntawm tib yam.
*(Cov ntsiab lus luv luv: them tam sim no ntawm lub capacitor=2 × π × zaus × capacitance × voltage. Qhov tsawg zaus, qhov me dua tam sim no.)*
Cov txiaj ntsig theoretical yog qhov txo qis hauv qhov yuav tsum tau muaj peev xwm: lub zog zoo tib yam 220 V lub zog loj txaus los tsav cov cuab yeej, tshem tawm qhov xav tau peb - theem siab - cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob loj lossis cov reactors. Los ntawm kev xav engineering, qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav tau ua kom zoo rau qhov hnyav: theMOEORW-WHVA45 yog nyob rau hauv Peli 1430 rooj plaub (430 mm × 240 mm × 340 mm) thiab hnyav tsuas yog 22 kg, tiag tiag ua tiav ib leeg -tus neeg nqa khoom thiab siv tam sim ntawm{1. Los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas kev ua tau zoo, ntau cov kev tshawb fawb thiab cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb (IEEE 400.2, DL / T 849.4-2004) tau lees paub tias 0.1 Hz sinusoidal voltage withstand test muab qhov sib npaug zoo rau 50 Hz fais fab zaus AC kuaj nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob. tshwj xeeb yog dej tsob ntoo.
1.2 Los ntawm "Pass/Fail" mus rau Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Quantitative
Lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim qauv ntawm MOEORW-WHVA45 yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov ntshiab sinusoidal VLF tiv taus qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob nrog dielectric poob yam (tanδ) ntsuas, txhim kho cov cuab yeej los ntawm ib txwm siv binary "pass / poob" cov cuab yeej mus rau qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas.
Kev ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tsis zoo (txawm tias lub zog- zaus, DC, lossis VLF tsis muaj zog) yog qhov tseem ceeb "tag nrho- lossis - tsis muaj dab tsi" kev sim: siv qhov hluav taws xob, tos kom tawg lossis lub sijhawm- tawm, thiab tsim cov txiaj ntsig binary. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo li no "pass / poob" tsis tuaj yeem teb cov lus nug xws li "lub neej nyob hauv qhov rwb thaiv tsev ntau npaum li cas" lossis "kev laus zuj zus mus ntev npaum li cas", yog li muab tus nqi qis rau kev kwv yees kev saib xyuas thiab kev txhim kho lub tswv yim.
Lub dielectric poob yam tseem ceeb (tanδ) yog ib qho tseem ceeb parameter qhia txog lub zog sab hauv dissipation nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv insulating. Rau kev noj qab haus huv cable, tanδ feem ntau yog qis heev (ze li 10⁻⁴). Raws li cov ntoo ntoo, cov dej noo ingress, los yog thermal aging zuj zus, qhov poob nqi nce ntau.
Lub kaw lus cia li ua qhov ntau- qib gradient xeem ntawm peb theem voltage: 0.5 U₀, 1.0 U₀, thiab 1.5 U₀. Cov ntaub ntawv piv txwv hauv qab no qhia txog kev txiav txim siab logic:
Piv txwv li Kev Xeem Xeem
| Test Voltage Qib | Capacitance (nF) | Rwb thaiv tsev tsis kam (GΩ) | Nruab nrab Tanδ (× 10⁻³) | Qhov sib txawv ntawm Tanδ (× 10⁻³) | Lus hais |
| 0.5 U₀ (6.2 kV) | 414.1 | 42.7 | 0.09 | 0.0158 | Tsawg heev poob ntawm tsawg voltage |
| 1.0 TSI (12.3kV) | 414.1 | 27.5 | 0.14 | 0.0187 | Ib txwm nce |
| 1.5 TSI (18.5 kV) | 414.1 | 34.9 | 0.11 | 0.0122 | Tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb anomaly |
Cov txheej txheem txiav txim: Yog tias qhov ntsuas tanδ ruaj khov nyob rau theem voltage thiab qis dua qhov pib (feem ntau yog 0.004), lub cable raug ntsuas "ib txwm". Yog tias qhov tseem ceeb nce ntxiv nrog qhov hluav taws xob lossis siab tshaj qhov pib, qhov ntsuas yog "kev saib xyuas" lossis "tsis txawv txav".
Tom qab qhov kev xeem, lub kaw lus ncaj qha tso tawm qhov ntsuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cable (ib txwm / mloog / txawv txav) ua ke nrog kev pom zoo kev saib xyuas, tso cai rau cov neeg ua haujlwm txiav txim siab engineering yam tsis muaj kev paub tob tob ntawm dielectric poob.
1.3 Tag nrho -Kev koom ua ke hauv hluav taws xob
Lub MOEORW-WHVA45 txais yuav tag nrho -electronic tsim raws li niaj hnub micro maub los thev naus laus zis, digital zaus hloov pauv, thiab siab - nrawm AD tau txais. Piv nrog rau cov laus- hom VLF generators uas tso siab rau txhua yam voltage boosting los yog electromagnetic oscillation, tag nrho cov -electronic mus kom ze tsis tsuas yog tshem tawm tsis ua hauj lwm txaus ntshai xws li mechanical contact aging thiab poor contact, tab sis kuj ua tau siab -zoo output voltage waveform synthesis.
0.1 Hz sinusoidal tso zis voltage yog du, symmetrical, thiab muaj tsawg distortion. Qhov zoo ntawm lub siab - zoo sine yoj muaj xws li: zoo linearity, me waveform distortion nyob rau hauv capacitive load, thiab siab ntsuas qhov sib xws; uniform hluav taws xob teb kev ntxhov siab, ze rau qhov tseeb sinusoidal AC kev khiav hauj lwm mob ntawm lub cable; thiab ruaj khov excitation qhov chaw rau tanδ tom ntej ntsuas, kom ntseeg tau siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub kaw lus siv kaw - lub voj tsis zoo tawm tswv yim tswj nrog qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab cov qauv tam sim no ncaj qha rau sab siab -voltage, tshem tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov hluav taws xob capacitive nce. Cov zis tseem nyob ruaj khov thiab tswj tau txawm tias tsis muaj -load lossis tag nrho-load cov xwm txheej, tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv kev thauj khoom.
II. Kev sib piv nrog lwm cov khoom
(Cov kev sib piv hauv qab no yog tsim los ntawm ib thaj chaw - engineering foundations, tsom rau qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov yooj yim ntawm kev xa mus, kev sib npaug ntawm kev xeem, thiab kev muaj peev xwm kuaj mob, tsis yog kev sib piv theoretical.)
2.1 VLF vs. Fais fab-Frequency AC Withstand Test
Fais fab - zaus AC (50/60 Hz) yog tus qauv qauv rau lub Hoobkas thiab hom kev kuaj cov cables, thiab nws zoo tshaj simulates cov kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem loj rau ntawm - daim ntawv thov ntawm qhov chaw yog qhov yuav tsum tau muaj peev xwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv. Rau cov lus hais saum toj no 10 km, 1 µF XLPE cable, 50 Hz test tam sim no loj, yuav tsum muaj qhov loj - lub peev xwm ntsuas transformer. Cov txheej txheem tiav feem ntau hnyav ntau pua kilograms lossis ntau tons, xav tau kev thauj mus los thiab nqa cov khoom siv siab. Kev xa tawm yog qhov nyuaj heev hauv qhov chaw- txwv tsis pub lossis tsheb khiav- thaj chaw txwv.
Los ntawm kev txo qhov zaus mus rau 0.1 Hz, MOEORW-WHVA45 theoretically xav tau tsuas yog li 1/500 ntawm lub zog- zaus muaj peev xwm. Tsis xav tau lub tshuab hluav taws xob loj lossis reactor, thiab 22 kg tag nrho qhov hnyav ua tiav qhov kev xa tawm tiag tiag. Txawm hais tias lub sijhawm ntsuas ntev dua, qhov no muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub thiab kev kuaj xyuas lub sijhawm.
2.2 VLF vs DC Nrog Kev Ntsuas
DC tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej ntsuas yog lub teeb yuag, pheej yig, thiab yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev kuaj kab hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog kev nkag siab tob dua ntawm cov txheej txheem kev laus hauv cov rwb thaiv tsev polymeric, qhov tsis zoo ntawm DC kev sim tau pom meej: DC qhov hluav taws xob siab ua rau qhov chaw seem hauv XLPE thiab EPR rwb thaiv tsev, ua rau ib nrab tso tawm thiab hluav taws xob tsob ntoo loj hlob, ua kom lub rwb thaiv tsev laus, thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau lub cable tsis ntev tom qab tau re- zog txawm tias dhau qhov kev sim DC.
TheMOEORW-WHVA45 ua ke AC kev ntxhov siab nrog ultra- zaus tsawg: nws tuav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm AC excitation thaum txo qis zog txaus xav tau. Qhov kev ntxhov siab rau cov hnub nyoog rwb thaiv tsev yog txaus los nthuav tawm qhov tsis xws luag, tseem me me kom tsis txhob ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntxiv. IEEE 400.2 qhia meej meej txog kev kuaj VLF AC raws li txoj kev nyiam rau kev saib xyuas thaj chaw kuaj mob ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob polymeric.
2.3 VLF vs. Series Resonant Withstand Test
Series resonant kuaj tau theoretically tsav lub loj capacitive load nrog ib tug kuj me me fais fab mov muaj peev xwm thiab tsim ib tug ze ntawm -sinusoidal fais fab - zaus high voltage, ua rau nws yog ib tug zoo tagnrho txoj kev rau kev ntsuam xyuas teb uas tsom rau lub hwj chim- zaus sib npaug. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev xyaum ua haujlwm engineering, cov kab ke resonant yuav tsum raug kho kom raug nrog lub reactor txuam nrog lub peev xwm ntawm cable hauv kev sim. Ib lub cev tsis tuaj yeem yooj yim npog ntau qhov ntev ntawm cable, thiab cov txheej txheem tiav (tswj lub thawv, excitation transformer, sib txawv reactor, voltage divider, thiab lwm yam) tseem hnyav heev thiab nyuaj rau deploy.
Tag nrho -electronic, ruaj khov- zaus tsim ntawm MOEORW-WHVA45 npog cov kev xeem yuav tsum tau los ntawm kaum ntawm meters mus rau ob peb kilometers (qhov siab tshaj plaws load capacitance 5 µF) nrog ib lub twj paj nruag. Tsis muaj kev sib txuam lossis kev sib tw, tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv sab nraud nyuaj, thiab cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm tau yooj yim heev.
III. Kev txwv dav dav ntawm VLF Kev Xeem
Txhua txoj kev sim nws muaj nws qhov kev thov, thiab VLF kev sim qhia qee qhov kev txwv tsis pub muaj rau txhua yam khoom lag luam.
Qhov sib txawv zaus txwv tag nrho -spectrum pov thawj.Kev sim VLF (feem ntau yog 0.1 Hz - 0.01 Hz) tsis tuaj yeem hloov lub zog 50/60 Hz tag nrho- kuaj zaus. Lub sab hauv hluav taws xob kev nyuaj siab kev faib tawm thiab cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo ntawm dielectric sib txawv nrog zaus, thiab qee qhov tsis xws luag uas yuav tshwm sim tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim- zaus kev khiav hauj lwm tej zaum yuav raug npog thaum lub sij hawm 0.1 Hz xeem, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov tsis zoo.
Teeb liab nkag qhov tob muaj qhov txwv lub cev.Rau qhov loj - kab kab kab los yog tuab- phab ntsa rwb thaiv tsev, VLF electromagnetic yoj teeb liab attenuates thaum nws propagates. Lub rwb thaiv tsev sab nrauv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, thiab qhov tsis xws luag nyob sib sib zog nqus hauv qhov rwb thaiv tsev tuaj yeem ploj.
Qhov chaw rhiab heev ntawm qhov chaw ua rau lub nra ntawm qhov chaw npaj.VLF kuaj yog rhiab heev rau saum npoo av noo, paug, thiab lwm yam. Cov pa phem ntawm qhov chaw tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua tam sim no lossis ib feem cuam tshuam, cuam tshuam rau qhov ntsuas qhov tseeb. Kev tu kom huv si tsis yog ib qho kev xaiv ua tau raws li qhov hnyav ib puag ncig.
Lub sijhawm ntsuas ntev cuam tshuam rau lub qhov rais txij nkawm.Vim tias qhov ntsuas tsawg heev, ua kom tiav lub voj voog tag nrho yuav siv sij hawm ntau (ib qho kev sim dielectric poob yuav siv li 3.5 feeb; tiv thaiv qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob tuaj yeem kav ntev li 15 txog 60 feeb). Hauv cov xwm txheej uas xav tau kev daws teeb meem sai lossis kho thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, lub voj voog sim ntev yuav txuas ntxiv cov khoom siv poob qis.
Kev kuaj mob pib xav tau cov neeg ua haujlwm cob qhia.Txawm hais tias cov cuab yeej muab kev ntsuam xyuas tsis siv neeg, tanδ ntsuas thiab kev txhais cov txiaj ntsig tseem xav tau qee theem ntawm theoretical keeb kwm yav dhau thiab kev paub dhau los. Ntau hom kab sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem kev laus sib txawv pom cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo ntawm dielectric poob, thiab kev siv cov kev ntsuas raug ntsuas tseem nyob ntawm kev txiav txim siab.
IV. Cov ntsiab lus tsim
Tus tsim ntawm MOEORW-WHVA45 yog tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm peb qhov loj me:
Lub cev qhov ntev - qhov kev sib tw los ntawm kev sib pauv zaus rau lub peev xwm.Los ntawm kev siv cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub peev xwm loads thiab siv qhov kev txo qis raws li kev txo cov peev txheej, qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav tau txo qis heev. Qhov no yog ib qho zoo nkauj engineering txhais lus ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub cev.
Diagnostic dimension – los ntawm binary pass/fail mus rau quantitative ntsuam xyuas.Qhov kev hloov kho los ntawm qhov yooj yim "pass/fail" tshwm sim rau peb - qib gradient tanδ ntsuas txhais tau tias qhov kev xeem tsis tsuas yog teb "nws puas dhau?" tab sis kuj "dab tsi yog qhov xwm txheej ntawm rwb thaiv tsev?", muab cov ntaub ntawv -tsav kev txhawb nqa rau cov xwm txheej- raws li kev saib xyuas.
Engineering dimension – tag nrho -electronic integration.Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub hloov pauv cov kev daws teeb meem, xa cov khoom tso tawm sinusoidal ruaj khov thiab qib siab ntawm automation. Qhov no txo qis qhov chaw pib rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv teb thaum nce kev ntseeg siab.
Kev txhawb nqa los ntawm peb qhov loj me no, MOEORW-WHVA45 cuam tshuam qhov sib npaug ntawm kev txav mus los, muaj peev xwm kuaj xyuas, thiab kev ua haujlwm ua phooj ywg raws li kev xav tau ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev. Nws ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas kev ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas ib ntus, thiab tseem muab txoj hauv kev rau kev ntsuas kev ntsuas hluav taws xob sib sib zog nqus, muab cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo thiab rau pem hauv ntej- nrhiav kev tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv cable.
